If you skipped the last post because of its length, here’s the basic message:

Beware of newspaper or magazine articles packaged as “news,” if the writer spits out long passages of unattributed opinion. I picked on a TIME writer, but I easily could have pointed to other writers who employ the same type of ersatz journalism on a daily basis.

Here’s a good rule of thumb: if you find yourself continually asking “Says who?” while reading a piece, you should take the information provided with a grain of salt.