I just skimmed this, but it looks like a good primer on government. Chris Edwards at the Cato Institute does good work. Detractors will fault his writing style, as he makes a few blanket statements without splitting hairs over well-known exceptions, but by doing so, he covers a lot of good ground for a 33-page statement. One thing I did not know before was this:

For the federal income tax, studies have found that, on average, the deadweight loss of raising taxes by a dollar is roughly 50 cents.