From Education Week:

“The real secret to India?s success is the private school industry,? said Vivek Wadhwa, a professor at Duke University in Durham, N.C., who has studied engineering colleges in India. As the middle class has expanded dramatically over the past few years, he said, more money has flowed into the private schools, allowing them to improve the quality.

According to the World Bank, 42 percent of secondary school students in India attend a private school.

Want more? I discussed private schools and school choice among high performing countries here and here.