If you’re looking for a straightforward catalogue of the world’s greatest heroes, you won’t find it in Paul Johnson’s recent book, Heroes (Harper Collins, 2007).

Johnson cites Caesar and Churchill and Reagan, but he also throws a few less predictable choices in the mix. (Take, for example, his chapter on heroic party hostesses. Please.)

Still the book is interesting, and Johnson offers a tool for recognizing today’s heroes and heroines:

I would distinguish four principal marks. First, by absolute independence of mind, which springs from the ability to think everything through for yourself, and to treat whatever is the current consensus on any issue with skepticism. Second, having made up your mind independently, to act ? resolutely and consistently. Third, to ignore or reject everything the media throws at you, provided you remain convinced you are doing right. Finally, to act with personal courage at all times, regardless of the consequences to yourself.